Cadillac HT-4100 / The Quest for 200K

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Name: noahsdad

I live in a beautiful Michigan resort town, with the world's most excellent wife. We share our home with two dogs: a Golden retriever and a Schnauzer. We have one son, who lives in downtown Chicago.

Tuesday, October 14, 2008

Oh Oh

Well, I knew from the start this was a gamble. 

My latest oil analysis report from Blackstone Labs follows the oil change I did in September. They found coolant in the oil, and elevated wear levels in the bearing metals. Not good signs at all. 

The Blackstone guys think it's probably an intake or head gasket. I'm still holding out hope (foolish, perhaps) that it's maybe just a fluke. My reasons are numerous. First, the level of actual coolant in the oil is pretty small - .24% - so if there is a leak it's not major...yet. Second, just before the last oil change I replaced the water pump, and it's possible some coolant slipped past the timing cover. Third, I let this oil go considerably longer before changing it: over 5 thousand miles and over 8 months. 

To test my theory - and possibly risk my engine - I'm going to do another change at 2 thousand miles and have them analyze it again. If it shows similar or greater coolant intrusion, then I'll have to act. 

However, after speaking with three experienced Cadillac technicians, I'm not sure what that course of action will be. All of them said that once you crack open a 4100, it's like Pandora's Box. You're almost assured to have leaks again in the future, perhaps immediately. Apparently the aluminum block, once released from the stabilizing pressure of the cast iron heads, warps out of shape. After that, it's near impossible to get a correct seal. 

The service manager at my local Cadillac dealer suggested a unique approach. It seems Subaru has had very similar problems with a number of their engines; serious enough that they issued a recall. The first step Subaru directed was to try a new type of sealant in the cooling system. The SM told me they've had 80% success in sealing head gaskets with this stuff. It's made by Holts in England, and sold with a Subaru label and part number from dealers. 

At $14 a bottle, I'm willing to take the gamble. Will report back on my success/failure.

Thursday, July 17, 2008

Still Buffeting Along!

Just a quick update: It's midsummer, and the Cadillac is running like a champ. No strange noises, no warning lights - it's really a remarkable piece of American engineering. Go ahead all you 4100 haters, sneer all you want. I'll just keep driving. 

Yesterday, the old horse was shod with brand new shoes. My buddies down at Junior's Tires set me up with four Cooper Trendsetter touring tires. Cooper is one of the last American owned tire companies that still produces tires in this country (Dayton, Ohio to be specific), and I'm just old codger enough to believe that's important. Besides that, they're really nice tires, with a tread pattern that produces zero noise and a very smooth ride. It's also nice to not be embarrassed as I squeal around corners on the old front tires.

Still averaging 17 mpg city, and 24 highway. At $4+ a gallon, it's nice to still be able to drive a butter-soft luxury car. 


Sunday, April 06, 2008

Lack of Posts is Good News!

I'm sure the 3 or 4 people who regularly read this blog are wondering if I've abandoned it. Not at all! Two things have conspired to keep me from posting regularly. First is a big video/audio project I've been working on. You can read more about that at my website
 
The second reason is, the Cadillac has been running flawlessly. Pardon me while I knock on the wooden desk. Ever since the water pump near-miss in August last year, it's had no more problems. I changed the oil once, sticking with Amsoil but foregoing the Blackstone Labs analysis this time.

Of course, the Caddy sits around a lot in the winter. Not that I care that much about preserving it for the ages, it's just that our 2003 Olds Silhouette with GM's excellent traction control system is much safer to drive up here in the tundra (and we've had a helluva winter this year).

The odometer reads 61,642. So I've owned this car for 2.5 years, and have driven it less than 20 thousand miles, with a few minor (albeit somewhat expensive) issues. From the original purchase price of $2800, I've invested roughly another $1500 into parts and repairs. On balance, it's been a really good experience, and the things I've learned have been invaluable.

But at the rate I'm putting miles on this DeVille, it will take me another 21 years to get to my stated goal of 200K. I'll be 70 years old and the Cadillac will be 42. Think either one of us will make it?

Wednesday, August 08, 2007

The Water Pump Challenge - August 2007

About a month ago, I noticed a buzzing noise coming from the serp belt area of the car. At first I suspected the tensioner pulley, as these commonly fail. Just to be sure though, I stopped at Auto Zone and picked up a cheap mechanic's stethescope. Probing around, it took only a minute to determine the noise was the water pump.

This was not welcome news - I've never had much luck with water pumps. On this sideways V-8, room to work on anything in the belt area is very tight. There is little margin for error. But, I pressed on regardless. The factory service manual gave a pretty benign description of the job, making it sound almost easy. A posting at cadillacowners.com brought several responses that further boosted my confidence. So with some time off work, I dove in.

First step in the process is to clear some room. This means moving all the components on the right fender, including the A.I.R. filter, the AC accumulator, the washer fluid bottle, the bracket, and the fender brace. To move the accumulator, disconnect the clamp on the radiator support to free up the flexible pipe, and swing the entire unit up and out of the way. I wired mine to a circular bracket mounted on the intake manifold, behind the air cleaner.

Once these items are cleared, access to the water pump is very good. The next step is to drain the coolant, then loosen the three bolts holding the pulley to the pump. Using a half inch breaker bar, put downforce on the belt tensioner atop the engine. This locks the pulley so the bolts can be broken loose. On the DeVille, you can actually remove all three bolts and the pulley before removing the pump.

The 4100's water pump is a thin, flimsy item about 14 inches long by 3 inches wide, by about 1/4 inch thick. It's held on by 18 different bolts and nuts. Three of the bolts are large hex heads, two are Torx head, and the remainder are smaller bolt and nut/stud combinations. To keep mine in sequence, I started with the top center large hex head bolt, then loosened all the perimeter bolts in a clockwise sequence. When I arrived back at the first hex bolt, I removed each one, then lined them up in order on my work bench. In the center of the pump is one Torx head bolt and two small hex bolts. Here again, all went smoothly until I got to the last Torx bolt. It was frozen tight as a drum. I did everything I could think of to break it loose: shot WD 40 on it, heated it, but it wouldn't budge.

Before long my worst fears came true,and I stripped out the head of that bolt. THE LAST DAMN BOLT!!! Next step was to try an EZ-out. Still would not budge. With no options left, I drilled the head off the bolt, and removed the old pump.

Now I had a quandry. Because this bolt is right next to the water jacket outlet, I couldn't simply ignore it or a leak would be certain. I rented a right angle close quarters drill, drilled it slightly bigger and tried a larger EZ-out. Absolutely would not move. I didn't push it too hard because the last thing I wanted to do was break off a tempered steel EZ-out and then have to drill THAT out.

Now it was really getting dicey. My only option was to try and drill the bolt to the same size as the original, then tap new threads into it. The tough part was, this had to be done with near perfect accuracy, and I would get one shot to do it. Adding to the difficulty was the access. A high-pressure AC line was directly in the way of my drill, so I had to have the local hardware custom cut a carbide drill bit to a length of about three inches. If I missed the angle, or was off by as little as 1/8th of an inch, it would mean pulling the engine. Finally, and most disconcerting, the water jacket in the engine block runs in and then up, directly behind where I would be drilling. Go too deep, and this project would get much more expensive very quickly.

Needless to say, I was sweating bullets as I started drilling. Carefully and slowly, I ran the drill in to a point I had marked on the bit as the deepest point I dared to go. So far so good. Next was tapping the new threads. This also went amazingly smooth. Finally, I test fit the bolt - AND IT THREADED RIGHT IN! Well, sort of - because I couldn't drill as deep as the factory bolt, there were not enough threads to allow it to tighten down. So I had to shorten the Torx bolt by 3/8ths of an inch to make it work. But it worked! What a rush that was. Of course, I wasn't out of the woods yet. I still had to get the new pump on and running without leaks.

It didn't take long to discover the reason GM used the Torx design here. The pulley and belt ride very close to the pump at this point on the engine, and no standard bolt design other than Torx would allow enough clearance. Because I had destroyed one of my Torx bolts, I needed a replacement. This isn't a basic hardware store bolt. So I called the local Cadillac parts department. The guy there is very helpful. Even though I was talking about a silly 7 dollar part, he took the time to make sure he had the right one. As it turned out he had to order it, but put a rush on it to get it to me the next day. I'll be back to do business with him again.

Last night I was able to put everything back together, and to my utter amazement this job has been a success. I started the car - no buzzing, no leaks. I may have a few more gray hairs than last week, but that's the price of admission to driving (and repairing) an elderly Cadillac.

Saturday, June 09, 2007

All Systems Go

June has arrived, and with the Cadillac, all systems are GO. For readers of this blog born after the peak of NASA and the Apollo missions, that means everything is working fine.

I finally got the EGR replaced, the throttle body injection settled down, and the A/C refrigerant recharged. The last item was the only one I didn't do myself. Initially I bought one of those recharge kits, but the system had an audible leak when I put in the R134; so I thought it best to take it back to John, the A/C tech who did the conversion back in 2006.

John found the leak in minutes - an O-ring at the Schraeder Valve on the low pressure line. He replaced that, charged it with R134, and viola! We're back in the cooool Cadillac business. Total bill for the service was $39.00. More than fair.

Of course with gas up to $3.50 a gallon, I'm not getting much chance to drive the Caddy any distances. It's pretty much limited to back and forth to work these days. We did take one 200 mile jaunt to Clare in May, and the Caddy produced 22 mpg. Coming up, we have a day trip to Mackinaw Island planned, plus a return to Clare, and I may take a day off to take mom out to lunch very soon. That should let the old girl stretch her legs some.

The picture isn't real. It's a Gimp generated fantasy image of what the Caddy would look like with limo tint windows and alloy wheels.

Kinda sharp!

Saturday, April 28, 2007

The Trials of Working on an Old Cadillac

Okay, so I was pretty overconfident of my diagnosis and repair of the EGR system. Then my wife an I took a 100 mile spin in the DeVille last week - and what should appear? The good old "Service Engine Soon" light, and the familiar E48 trouble code.

I still think the solenoid was not working, but apparently neither was the EGR valve. Rather than mess with it any further, I decided to just bite the bullet and drop the 68 bucks for a new AC/Delco valve.

That's where the challenge began.

Because of the way the EGR is placed on the manifold, it's nearly impossible to get to the mounting bolts with ordinary wrenches, and a challenge even for some expensive pretzel shaped tools. A plea for help at Cadillacowners.com brought me many helpful suggestions, the most promising of which was to loosen and lift the throttle body to give some clearance for an end wrench. So I did.

Because Cadillac uses custom bent steel fuel lines all the way from the tank, the first step was to break them loose at the throttle body. They join the TB with a two piece coupling; fairly standard design - or so I thought. The TB is then held to the manifold by three bolts, and a host of vacuum hoses had to be disconnected as well. Finally, I had it loose enough to raise about 5 inches, which gave ample room to get my wrench on the EGR. So far, so good.

About 1/2 hour later, the new EGR was in place, and the TBI was bolted back down. I started the car and everything seemed good, except a very strong raw fuel smell. It didn't take long to find that one of the fuel lines (there are two on this TBI system) was dripping pretty good. I fiddled with it for about another hour, but no amount of tightening could stem the flow.

I finally determined that the inner part of the coupling was leaking, right where it threads into the throttle body. So the next day I pulled it back apart to see if there were any cracks or signs of a broken O ring. Not finding any problems I elected to place an O ring in the space just to help it seat better.

My favorite local auto parts store matched the perfect O ring for me, and I purchased a new PCV valve at the same time. After getting them home on Thursday night, I put the thing back together again. On starting the engine I was glad to see the leak was gone, but now the engine was idling very high, around 2000 rpms.

I was very tired and frustrated at this point, but I went ahead and attempted to adjust the Throttle Position Sensor (TPS), using the instructions from the factory service manual. No luck; it still raced like crazy. So just before bed, I posted again on Cadillacowners to see if anyone had a suggestion.

The next morning, two people had offered ideas. Both responders pointed me toward a major vacuum leak of some kind, most likely the base gasket where the TBI meets the manifold. I remembered that while tightening the throttle body that one of the bolts had felt funny going in. I was quite sure the gasket was misaligned.

But again I was wrong. As it turned out, I must have been really tired the night before, because on Friday night I went back out to finish the job, and discovered I had never connected the big vaccum line that runs from the TBI to the power brake booster. I had a big vacuum leak all right - like the Grand Canyon of vacuum leaks.

I hooked it up properly, started the engine - and she idled like a purring kitten.
Since I had fooled with TPS the night before, I adjusted it back to factory spec and the 4100 just turned to silk. A short test drive proved all was well.

So in the end I learned three things:

1) Always check the basic stuff first. You'll usually find the problem there.
2) Never work on a Cadillac after a hard day at work and two Miller Lites.
3) I will buy a factory service manual for every car I own. They are worth their weight in gold.

Wednesday, March 28, 2007

EGR Repaired, new code appears

The EGR problem from the last post is now fixed. On cadillacowners.com, a guy from Schaumburg, IL had an '85 Sedan DeVille that had blown the engine, so he was parting it out. I bought his EGR solenoid, plus a vacuum pump (which has been discontinued at GM parts) and an HVAC fan control module to keep as spares. About $500 worth of parts (dealer prices) for $50.00.

The parts arrived on Monday, and on Monday night I installed the solenoid. It works perfectly, producing a vacuum pulse to the EGR valve when the engine is at operating temp, and running above 2000 rpms. The old 4100 seems to run better, and I should see an increase in mileage right away.

But - there's another issue now. I cleared the trouble codes, took a short test drive, and rechecked the codes. This produced an F48 - Low Refrigerant Warning. Somewhere my A/C system has developed a leak and lost all the R134 over the winter. I'll run it back to the shop that did my conversion back in October of '05 and have them leak test and recharge it next week.

I've been thinking again lately about selling the Cadillac. For some reason, when I have car about three years, I start getting restless to have something else. I'm still hung up big time on the Oldsmobile Trofeo, but would be just as happy to find a really nice Olds Touring Sedan, Buick Reatta or Riviera from the '88-'89 era, or possibly even a Cadillac Allante.

Just dreaming right now, but you never know.